Kατευθυντήριες οδηγίες διατροφικής υποστήριξης σε αθλήτριες Γυμναστικής υψηλού επιπέδου

Συγγραφείς

  • Μαρία Σιμάτου
  • Ιερεμίας Σιμάτος Δ/ντής Ελλ. Ερευν. Ινστ. Επιστημ. Διατροφής Αθλητών

Περίληψη

Οι αθλήτριες αναπτυξιακών ηλικιών των αθλημάτων γυμναστικής (ενόργανης και ρυθμικής) ανήκουν στην ομάδα υψηλού κινδύνου σοβαρής ανεπάρκειας / έλλειψης βασικών θρεπτικών συστατικών, κυρίως ασβεστίου, σιδήρου, φυλλικού οξέος, βιτ. D, ψευδαργύρου. Οι αυξημένες ανάγκες της επιταχυνόμενης ανάπτυξης σε συνδυασμό με την ανάγκη διατήρησης μειωμένου σωματικού βάρους και με τις έντονες πολύωρες καθημερινές προπονητικές απαιτήσεις (χωρίς επαρκή αποκατάσταση), εκθέτει ιδιαίτερα τις νεαρές αθλήτριες σε διαταραχές του ρυθμού ανάπτυξης, μακροχρόνιες θρεπτικές ελλείψεις, συναισθηματικής φύσεως προβλήματα (χαμηλό επίπεδο αυτοεκτίμησης, δυσαρέσκεια σωματικής εικόνας, καθημερινά πολλαπλά ζυγίσματα, εμμονές στην αισθητική του σώματος και στην εξωτερική εμφάνιση), ορμονικές διαταραχές (αμηνόρροια), πρόωρη κόπωση, οστεοπενία και ιδιαίτερα αυξημένο κίνδυνο κακώσεων. Από την ανασκόπηση της σχετικής ερευνητικής βιβλιογραφίας έχει διαπιστωθεί ότι η συντριπτική πλειοψηφία των αθλητριών αισθάνεται ότι βρίσκονται σε καθεστώς μόνιμης (χρόνιας) δίαιτας. Είναι δε χαρακτηριστικό ότι οι περισσότερες αθλήτριες στη διάρκεια των πολύωρων καθημερινών προπονήσεων προσλαμβάνουν μόνο νερό, με μηδενική κατανάλωση κάποιου άλλου snack. Το γεγονός αυτό, μάλιστα, είναι σε γνώση των προπονητών.Αποτελεί πρόκληση ο εντοπισμός και η διαγνωστική αξιολόγηση διατροφικών ελλείψεων / ανεπαρκειών σε κάθε αθλήτρια γυμναστικής αναπτυξιακής ηλικίας, για την τελική εκτίμηση εκδήλωσης μελλοντικών διατροφο-εξαρτώμενων διαταραχών. Προτείνονται στοχευμένες κατευθύνσεις διατροφικής υποστήριξης σε elite αθλήτριες ενόργανης και ρυθμικής γυμναστικής.

Βιογραφικό Συγγραφέα

Μαρία Σιμάτου

Φυσικοθεραπεύτρια, Δ/ντρια PhysioHealth Training Center

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2023-11-22

Πώς να δημιουργήσετε Αναφορές

Σιμάτου Μ., & Σιμάτος Ι. (2023). Kατευθυντήριες οδηγίες διατροφικής υποστήριξης σε αθλήτριες Γυμναστικής υψηλού επιπέδου. Άθληση και Κοινωνία, 1. ανακτήθηκε από http://ojs.staff.duth.gr/ojs/index.php/ExSoc/article/view/405

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