3rd TRIMESTER UTERINE BLEEDING DURING PREGNANCY
Abstract
Ιn a ten-year retrospective study there were assessed 100 cases of pregnant women who presented uterine bleeding during the third trimester. The study aimed at identifying the cause of the bleeding, the outcome of the labour and the neonat's perinatal status. Our results were as follows:
1. We didn't notice a statistically significant increase in the testified Cesarean Section frequency in relation to the one observed a clear association.
2. Οn the other hand we observed a clear association between the placental abnormalities and the immediate determination of labor management.
In conclusion we believe that in cases of third trimester bleeding the immediate assessment of the general condition of the pregnat woman and the fetus is mandatory in most instances of antenatal status in order to determine the most appropriate management.
References
Μανταλενάκης Σ.: Σύνοψη Μαιευτικής - Γυναικολογίας - Εκδόσεις Λίτσας, Αθήνα 1991, 266-273.
Friedberg, V., H.D. Hiersche: Geburtshilfe. Thieme, Stuttgart 1975.
Brehm, Η., Ο. Kaser, Ε. Halberstadt: Peripartuale Notsituationen von seiten der Mutter. In Kaser, Ο., V., Friedberg, K.G. Ober, Κ. Thomsen, J. Zander: Gynakologie und Geburtshilfe, Bd. II. Thieme, Stuttgart 1967 (5.8.43).
Wulf, Κ-Η: Die Regelwidrige Anlage und Entwicklung des Schwangerschaftsproduktes (Kyematopathien) In Martius, G: Lehrbuch der Geburtshilfe, 10 Auft. Thieme, Stuttgart 1981 (S 116).
Wulf, Κ.Η: Pathologie der Nachgeburtsteile unter der Geburt. In Martius, G: Lehrobuch der Geburtshilfe, 10 Aufl. Thieme Stuttgart 1981 (5.132).
Pernoll L.M.: Third trimester hemorrhage. In De Cherney Η.Α., and Pernoll L. Μ., Obstetric and Gynecologic Diagnosis and Treatment. Appleton-Lange. Conecticut-USA 1994, 398-409.
Charasson-T, Fournie-A. Hemorrhage during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Rev-Fr-Gynecol-Obstet. 1994 Nov., 89 (11) 560-9.
Saller-DN Jr: Nagey-DA; Pupkin, MJ; Crenshaw-MC Jr. Tocolysis in the management of third trimester bleeding J. - Perinatol 1990, 10 (2):125- 8.
Lowe W.T., Gunninghau G: Placental abruption. Clin. Obste. Gynecol. 1990, 33:406-413.
Μ. Winkler, W. Rath Gynakologe 1997, 151-160.
Abdella Τ.Ν. Sibai Β.Μ. Hages J.M., Anderson G.D.: Perinatal outcome in abruptiνe placenta. Obst. Gynecol. 1984, 63:365-369.
Hurd W.W., Miodovnik Μ. Hertzberg V. Lavin J.Ρ.: Selective management of abruptio placenta. Α prospective study. Obst. Gynecol. 1983, 61:467-571.
Van Bergen, W.S.: Obstet. Ultra sound: Applications and principles Addison Wesley Publ. Comp Menlo Park Galif 1981, (p. 18).
Hansmann, Μ., Β. J Hackeloer, Α. Staudach: Ultraschall diagnostik in Geburhilfe und Gynakologie Springer Berlin 1985.
Sauer, Μ. Μ. Parsons, Μ. Sampson: Placenta praevia: an analysis of three years experience. Amer. J. Perinat. 2 (1985) 39.
Schlensker, Κ-Η Atlas der Ultraschalldiagnosik in der Geburtshilfe und Gynakologie. Theime Stutgart 1984.
Lavery J.P.: Placenta prebia Clinic Obstetr. Gynecol 1990, 33:414-421.
Mc Shane Ρ.Μ., Heyl P.S., Epstein M.F.: Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity resulting from placenta previa. Obstet. Gynecol. 1985,
:176-179.
Love-CD. Wallace GM, Pregnancies complicated by placenta praevia: What is approppriate management? Br-J-Obstet. Gynecol 1996. Sep; 103(9) 864-7.