Οι Παραολυμπιακοί αγώνες υπό το πρίσμα της κοινωνικο-οικονομικής ανάπτυξης: Μια εμπειρική προσέγγιση

Συγγραφείς

  • Κώστας Ρόντος Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου
  • Μαρία-Ελένη Γ Συρμαλή Πανεπιστήμιο Αιγαίου

Περίληψη

Οι Παραολυμπιακοί αγώνες θεωρούνται το κορυφαίο αθλητικό γεγονός για το Παραολυμπιακό Κίνημα. Κατ’ αυτό τον τρόπο, καλλιεργούνται τα πανανθρώπινα ολυμπιακά και αθλητικά ιδεώδη ενώ ενισχύεται η κοινωνικοποίηση των ατόμων με αναπηρία, η ισότιμη αντιμετώπισή τους από την κοινωνία συμβάλλοντας στην αυτοεκτίμηση, την αξιοπρέπεια, την κοινωνική ενσωμάτωση. Παράλληλα, προάγεται η σωματική και ψυχική ευεξία, προωθούνται βασικές κοινωνικές αξίες συντελώντας στην οικονομική και κοινωνική ανάπτυξη. Επιπρόσθετα, ο αθλητισμός βρίσκεται σε απόλυτη συνταύτιση με το κοινωνικο-οικονομικό και πολιτικό περιβάλλον των χωρών. Η παρούσα μελέτη με τη χρήση εμπειρικής έρευνας απέδειξε την επίδραση των κοινωνικο-οικονομικών και πολιτικών πλευρών της ανάπτυξης στην αθλητική επίδοση σε επίπεδο Παραολυμπιακών αγώνων. Συνεπώς, θα πρέπει ιδιαίτερα στη σύγχρονη εποχή να στηριχθεί η χρηστή διακυβέρνηση στον αθλητισμό με στόχο την προώθηση του αθλητικού πνεύματος, την άσκηση του σώματος και την ψυχοπνευματική καλλιέργεια, μεταξύ άλλων.

Αναφορές

Albanidis, Ε. (2004). History of sports in ancient Greek world. Thessaloniki: Salto [in Greek].

Albrecht, G., Seelman, K. & Bury, M. (2001). The Formation of disability studies. In G. Albrecht, K. Seelman & M. Bury (Eds.), Handbook of Disability Studies, London: Sage.

Anderson, J. (2003). Turned into taxpayers: Paraplegia, rehabilitation and sport at Stoke Mandeville, 1944-56. Journal of Contemporary History, 38(3), 461-475.

Ball, D. W. (1972). Olympic Games competition: Structural correlates of national success. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 15, 186-200.

Barnes, C. (1996). Theories of disability and the origins of the oppression of disabled people in Western society. In L. Barton (Ed.), Disability and society: Emerging issues and insights (pp. 43-60). London: Longman.

Bertling, C. & Schierl, T. (2008). Disabled sport and its relation to contemporary cultures of presence and aesthetics. Sport in History, 28(1), 39-50.

Blauwet, C. (2015). The Paralympic female athlete. In: M. L. Mountjoy (Ed.), The female athlete (pp. 120-128). Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons.

Bloyce, D. & Smith, A. (2012). The ‘Olympic and Paralympic effect’ on public policy: use and misuse. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. 4(3), 301-305.

Borsay, A. (2005). Disability and social policy in Britain since 1750: A history of exclusion. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Brittain, I. (2006). Paralympic success as a measure of national social and economic development. International Journal of Eastern Sport and Physical Education. 4(1), 38-47.

Brittain, I. (2010). The Paralympic Games explained. London: Routledge.

Brittain, I. & Beacom, A. (2018). The Palgrave handbook of Paralympic studies. Palgrave Macmillan.

Buts, C., du Bois, C., Heyndels, B. & Jegers, M. (2013). Socioeconomic determinants of success at the Summer Paralympics. Journal of Sports Economics. 14(2), 133-147.

Campbell, J. & Oliver, M. (1996). Disability politics: Understanding our past, changing our future. London: Routledge.

Coakley, J. (2003). Sports in society: Issues and controversies. Boston Mass: McGraw-Hill Education.

Craven, P. (2016). The Paralympic Games and the promotion of the rights of persons with disabilities. UN Chronicle, 2, 10-13.

Crawford, G. (2004). Consuming sport: Fans, sport and culture. London: Routledge.

Davis, L. (1997). The disability studies reader. London: Routledge.

Deal, M. (2003). Disabled people's attitudes toward other impairment groups: A hierarchy of impairments. Disability and Society, 18(7), 897-910.

DePauw, K. (1997). The (In)Visibility of disAbility: Cultural contexts and “sporting bodies”. Quest, 49, 416-430.

DePauw, K. & Gavron, S. (2005). Disability sport. Leeds: Human Kinetics.

French, S. (1993). Disability, impairment or something in between? In: J. Swain, V. Finkelstein, S. French & M. Oliver (Eds.), Disabling barriers, enabling environments (pp. 17-25). London: Sage.

Freedom House (2018). Freedom in the world 2018: Democracy in crisis.

Gershick, T. & Miller, A. (1995). Coming to terms: Masculinity and physical disability. In D. Sabo & D. Gorden (Eds.), Men’s health and illness: Gender, power and the body (pp.183-204). London: Sage.

Gleeson, B. (1999). Geographies of disability. London: Routledge.

Goodman, S. (1986). Spirit of Stoke Mandeville: The story of Sir Ludwig Guttmann. London: Collins.

Grimes, A. R., Kelly, W. J., & Rubin, P. H. (1974). A socioeconomic model of national Olympic performance. Social Science Quarterly, 55, 777-782.

Guthrie, S. & Castelnuovo, S. (2001). Disability management among women with physical impairments: The contribution of physical activity. Sociology of Sport Journal, 18, 5-20.

Guttmann A., (2002), The Olympics: A history of the Modern Games. Champaign: University of Illinois Press.

Guttmann, L. (1976). Textbook of Sport for the Disabled. Aylesbury: HM & M.

Hargreaves, J. (1994). Gender relations of power: Institutionalized discrimination. In J. Hargreaves (Ed.), Sporting females: Critical issues in the history and sociology of women’s sport (pp. 174-199). London: Routledge.

Honeybourne, J., Hill, M., & Moors, H. (2000). Physical education & sport: For a level (2nd Ed.). Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes P.

Howe, P. D. (2008). Τhe cultural politics of the Paralympics movement: Through an anthropological lens. London: Routledge.

Howe, P. D. & Jones, C. (2006). Classification of disabled athletes: (Dis) Empowering the Paralympic practice community. Sociology of Sport Journal, 23, 29-46.

Huang, C. & Brittain, I. (2006). Negotiating identities through disability sport. Sociology of Sport Journal, 23, 352-375.

Hughes, A. (1999). The Paralympics. In R. Cashman & A. Hughes (Eds.), Staging the Olympics: The event and its impact (pp. 170-180). Sydney: UNSW Press.

International Paralympic Committee (2014), Guide to reporting on persons with an impairment. Bonn, Germany.

Jespersen, E. & McNamee, M. (2008). Philosophy, adapted physical activity and dis/ability. Sport, Ethics and Philosophy 2(2), 87-96.

Kälbli, K., Gita, S., & Osváth, P. (2008). Similarities and differences at Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. "Numbers" under the magnifying glass. European Bulletin of Adapted Physical Activity, 7(1).

Kirakosyan L., Seabra Junior, M.O. (2018), Exploring the social legacy of Paralympic Games for disabled people. Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology and Society, 11(1).

Legg, D., Fay, T., Hums M., & Wolff, E. (2009). Examining the inclusion of wheelchair exhibition events within the Olympic Games 1984-2004. European Sport Management Quarterly, 9(3), 243-258.

Levine, N. (1972). Why do countries win Olympic medals? Some structural correlates of Olympic success. Sociology and Social Research. 58, 353-360.

McCoy, D. (2002). The History of Special Olympics. McGraw-Hill.

Oliver, M. (1990). The politics of disablement. London: MacMillan Press.

Pearson, K., (1980). Cultural interpretation in sport: The outside world and pictures inside heads. International Review of Sport Sociology, 15, 19-40.

Pensgaard, A. & Sorensen, M. (2002). Empowerment through the sport context: A model to guide research for individuals with disability. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 19, 48-67.

Rontos, K. & Vagenas, G. (2009). Multivariate dependence of Olympic medals on key geo-economic factors: The log-linear canonical correlation approach. Statistical Review. 5, 125-139.

Rose, A.K. & Spiegel, M.M. (2011). The Olympic effect. The Economic Journal, 121, 652-677.

Scandizzo, P.L. & Pierleoni, M. R. (2017). Assessing the Olympic Games: The economic impact and beyond. Journal of Economic Surveys. 32, 649-682.

Scruton, J. (1998). Stoke Mandeville: Road to the Paralympics. Aylesbury: Peterhouse Press.

Sherrill, C. & Williams, T. (1996). Disability and sport: Psychosocial perspectives on inclusion, integration, and participation. Sport Science Review, 5(1), 42-64.

Shilling, C. (2003). The body and social theory. London: Sage.

Thomas, N. & Smith, A. (2009). Disability, sport and society. London: Routledge.

United Nations Development Programme (1990). Human Development Report 1990. New York: Oxford University Press.

World Bank (1978), World Development Indicators. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.

Λήψεις

Δημοσιευμένα

2023-11-22

Πώς να δημιουργήσετε Αναφορές

Ρόντος Κ., & Συρμαλή Μ.-Ε. Γ. (2023). Οι Παραολυμπιακοί αγώνες υπό το πρίσμα της κοινωνικο-οικονομικής ανάπτυξης: Μια εμπειρική προσέγγιση. Άθληση και Κοινωνία, 1. ανακτήθηκε από http://ojs.staff.duth.gr/ojs/index.php/ExSoc/article/view/397

Τεύχος

Ενότητα

Ιστορία Φυσικής Αγωγής και Αθλητισμού, Κοινωνιολογία Αθλητισμού